SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Sexual reproduction in fungi is complex and varies among the different groups of fungi. However, there are some similarities in reproductive strategies that are employed. When the hypha of one fungus and the hypha of a compatible fungus meet, the hyphae grow together and a diploid nucleus forms. This diploid nucleus undergoes meiosis and mitosis to produce the haploid spores for dispersal. Because sexual reproduction involves the process of meiosis, crossing-over can occur, enabling new combinations of genes to be carried by the offspring. This is extremely important because it provides variation in traits, some of which might be advantageous to the new fungus upon entering a new environment. Additionally, sexual reproduction between fungal strains maintains gene flow within the population. Gene flow provides a means for advantageous traits to quickly spread throughout the population.